Young Children (0-8) and Digital Technology - A qualitative study across Europe

It only takes witnessing a few interactions within modern western families to realize how much the experience of childhood has changed. The change comes from different winds blowing on today’s families’ time but certainly, the use of digital technologies peaks out and its impacts on childhood, education, learning and safety has been at question over the last years. Since a very early age, video watching and gaming on a variety of internet-connected devices are among children's favourite activities. Parents see digital technologies as positive and unavoidable, if not necessary, but at the same time, find managing their use challenging. They perceive digital technologies as something that needs to be carefully regulated and controlled. They would appreciate advice on fostering children’s online skills and safety. The document reports on results of a cross-national analysis building on data coming from 234 family interviews with both children and parents, carried out from September 2014 until April 2017 in 21 countries. It exposes the key findings regarding first children’s usage, perceptions of the digital technologies and their digital skills in the home context but also on parents’ perceptions, attitudes, and strategies. Beside the cross-national analysis, a dedicated section provides contextualized snapshots of the study results at national level. It then takes a close up on 38 families in seven countries in which researchers came for a second interview distant of one year in which they focused on monitoring change of context, children and parents’ perceptions, attitudes, and strategies over time. Conclusion reflect on the potential benefits, risks and consequences associated with their (online) interactions with digital technologies and provide recommendations to policymakers, industry, parents and carers.JRC.E.3-Cyber and Digital Citizens' Securit

Biometric Spoofing: A JRC Case Study in 3D Face Recognition

Based on newly available and affordable off-the-shelf 3D sensing, processing and printing technologies, the JRC has conducted a comprehensive study on the feasibility of spoofing 3D and 2.5D face recognition systems with low-cost self-manufactured models and presents in this report a systematic and rigorous evaluation of the real risk posed by such attacking approach which has been complemented by a test campaign. The work accomplished and presented in this report, covers theories, methodologies, state of the art techniques, evaluation databases and also aims at providing an outlook into the future of this extremely active field of research.JRC.G.6-Digital Citizen Securit

Workshop on Emerging Surveillance Capabilities & Requirements

On 5-6 July 2011, the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission organized a workshop on “Emerging Surveillance Capabilities and Requirements”. Around 40 R&D managers, researchers and practitioners from key European RTD institutes or academia, operators and leading system / equipment providers attended the workshop. The workshop was hosted by the Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC) at JRC (http://ipsc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/), in Ispra, Italy. The purpose of the workshop was to provide a forum where key scientists and practitioners could meet to address the following issues: (a) Review the technology state of the art and the operational requirements; (b) Anticipate technology trends and future needs, including testing and standards; (c) Consider legal, regulatory and ethical aspects. Some key-elements which arose during these sessions are worth being highlighted here: The overview of current European projects and national initiatives showed some common concerns in terms of issues being addressed and including the following main topics standardization, testing and performance assessment under increasingly complex scenarios (365/24/7 video analytics service level, multiple image/video sources and sensors), impact of societal requirements/issues, such as privacy and security, in the planning, design and implementation phase of surveillance systems. European networking and multi-disciplinary cooperation were often mentioned as relevant means to improve surveillance capabilities as well as to significantly enhance awareness of the societal values of concern. More precisely, the following points were cited: - Surveillance capabilities need to be federated and coordinated at the European level. - A mutual interest for cooperation for surveillance has been identified with the main aims of sharing best practices and common standards; the exchange of scientific staff as well as the use of national capabilities by other countries are some of the potential means to achieve it. The organization of workshops on the regular yearly basis was also suggested. - Trend to pervasive observation / monitoring rendering data protection and privacy even more important issues which it is suggested to address in a future workshop. Some new challenges for surveillance to be addressed in a very short-term future were introduced by several participants. A European certification framework for smart surveillance, the development of common privacy and performance testing methodologies, need for reference datasets, are some of these challenges. This report summarizes the workshop’s contents and the main findings agreed during the closing session. It also contains all the PowerPoint format documents presented except the ones for which a confidentiality clause was required.JRC.G.7-Digital Citizen Securit

OPEN DATA IN HEALTH: how knowledge may generate trust

The JRC project on Trust in Digital Interactions (TRUDI) deals with the construction and renewal of confident and trusted relationships between institutions and citizens, addressed as a major and urgent issue to be solved. In this context the JRC is planning a Workshop on “Open Data in Health: how knowledge may generate trust” on November 18, 2014. The workshop aims to investigate some general issues surrounding Open Data in the EU normative perspective, reflect on institutional and civic imaginaries about Open Data, and identify more promising Open Data models to trigger new processes for trust between institutions and citizens in health matters.JRC.G.6-Digital Citizen Securit

Open Data in Health: how knowledge may generate trust

Developed within the context of the JRC project on Trust in Digital Interactions (TRUDI), the Workshop on “Open Data in Health: how knowledge may generate trust” (Ispra, 18 November 2014) aimed to investigate some general issues surrounding Open Data in the EU normative perspective, reflect on institutional and civic imaginaries about Open Data, and identify how trust between institutions and citizens can be improved in health matters. The workshop encompassed three sessions, each asking a different set of questions: a) What is the current state-of-the-art on Open Data, and what does Open Data in health mean? b) Are European policies on Privacy and Open Data conflicting or complementary? c) Do existing portals for Open Data meet citizens’ expectation and which role can be envisaged for the media? This report provides a summary of the topics and arguments presented at the Workshop and offers some recommendations in the still unfolding field of Open Data in Health

Attitudes towards cyber risks - Implicit & self-report measures. The Happy Onlife edutainment experience of secondary school children

The Happy Onlife experience has contributed to children’s right to be heard in matters affecting them in their digital interactions and lives. Happy Onlife has been considered as effective awareness raising and learning tool regarding cyber security issues by its end-users, namely students, teachers, parents and educators. By playing with Happy Onlife game, children could naturally self-disclose and express their emotions, needs, understanding and sometimes worries and doubts. Indeed, self-reporting provides valuable insights for a wide range of research, policy and educational questions, however it can be susceptible to self-presentation and socially desirable responding. To overcome these limitations, implicit measures were considered to complement experimental research about children’s attitude towards cyber risks. The work described in this document aims at evaluating the effect of the Happy Onlife tool on attitudes towards cyber risk of children aged 10-12, from Time T1 to Time T2, before and after using Happy Onlife edutainment. The first research aim is to test the Happy Onlife edutainment reliability as a learning tool for enhancing digital competences with a focus on cyber security, data protection, privacy, online communication, netiquette and digital identity management. Moreover, a second purpose is the contribution to the development and validation of a new implicit measure of cyber risk propensity for children (10-12 years old). A third aim is to investigate the relationship between implicit risk attitudes and explicit risk-taking behaviour. In this pilot research all explicit and implicit measures showed adequate reliability. There was a significant effect pre and post Happy Onlife gaming experience. Current results suggest that the Cyber Security Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a reliable and valid method and may be a useful tool to be added to self-report batteries for cyber risk propensity assessment in children. The Cyber Security Implicit Association Test could be considered for future and wider research on risk-taking behaviour by citizens of all ages. The experiment protocol can be improved, however this contribution could be taken into consideration for the study and implementation of European cyber security strategies and policies to limit online threats and risks.JRC.E.3-Cyber and Digital Citizens' Securit

Designing connected play: Perspectives from combining industry and academic know-how. In: Chaudron S., Di Gioia R., Gemo M., Holloway D., Marsh J., Mascheroni G., Peter J., Yamada-Rice D. Kaleidoscope on the Internet of Toys - Safety, security, privacy and societal insights, EUR 28397 EN, doi:10.2788/05383

Academics, designers and producers tend to consider the evolving Internet of Toys (IoToys) from within their individual disciplines. On the one hand, academics bring a long history of researching and theorizing play and communication practices to the task of considering young children’s use of connected toys. On the other hand, designers and producers of connected toys have detailed understanding of the possibilities and affordances of technology, as well as the technical mechanics involved in toy production. In other words, they know what it is possible to make, and what it is not possible to make. Industry also has an eye on trends in digital toy production and content, and how these are likely to evolve. This is because the digital play industry track data on technology usage and media consumption, and so on. These are things that academics are often a step behind in understanding because of a tendency to consider children’s use of an end product. However, my work across academia and the commercial toy and digital content industry has taught me that the amount of expertise companies have of child development and theories around play and communication practices is extremely varied and start-up companies in particular have little resource to conduct in-house research. This means that some connected toys are not as well made for young users as they could be. However, these crossovers have also taught me that sometimes academics call for changes to designs that are not easily possible or commercially viable. Therefore, regular collaboration between academia and industry would aid production of the best possible connected toys and content for young children

Cyber Chronix - Episode 1 - Finding Data

Cyber Chronix is a game raising awareness on privacy risks and data protection rights in the new European General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR). The GDPR applies as of 25 May 2018 and it aims to better protect the privacy and personal data of citizens. But what does it mean for your every day life? Join Lizard and his friends in this adventure and discover it! From our previous work with the Happy Onlife toolkit, it emerged that the versatility of the toolkit in its paper and digital versions is an added value to the learning and citizen engagement process. To meet paper-oriented gamer’s needs, in addition to the Cyber Chronix digital version, we developed a comic strip version . The choice of a traditional comic-booklet aim at supporting users less familiar with digital technologies and those schools and communities not equipped with digital infrastructures. While enhancing the knowledge sharing and facilitating adult mediation, adults can enter into the game-story and feel confident straight away, at the same level as the children. The comic strip is now available in English and it will be soon available in other languages. Italian and French translations are ready, other languages (e.g. Greek, Portogues, Romanian, Spanish) are also foreseen.JRC.E.3-Cyber and Digital Citizens' Securit

Cyber Chronix - Episódio 1 - Obtenção de dados

O Cyber Chronix é um jogo de sensibilização dos riscos para a privacidade e dos direitos de proteção de dados constantes do novo Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (RGPD) europeu. O RGPD é aplicável desde 25 de maio de 2018. Destina-se a proteger melhor a privacidade e os dados pessoais dos cidadãos. Mas o que é que isto significa para a tua vida quotidiana? Junta-te ao Iggy e aos seus amigos en esta aventura e descobre! Livro de banda desenhada.JRC.E.3-Cyber and Digital Citizens' Securit